Competition Wizard published this article page no 204
Namaini Gange introduced PPP for sewerage infrastructure for
the first time in India through Hybrid Annuity Mode (11AM) with 40% of capex being paid during
construction and 60% with interest by 15-year annuity with separate payment for
operation & maintenance (O&M) bringing a paradigm shift from payment for
construction to Performance-Linked Payments. The One City One Operatorapproach merging
rehabilitation of old and creation of new assets and O&M for all of them on HAM to
improve governance was introduced. HAM is now accepted by NITI Aayog and
states outside the Ganga basin have also started using it. Competition Wizard subscribe now
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